Exploring the perspectives of transwomen on ethical issues in conducting research with the transwomen community in India: A qualitative enquiry

Abstract

Background:  Research with or involving transwomen in India is limited; previous research has focused on understanding the problems and discriminations they face. However, no studies have focused on exploring the ethical dimension of conducting research among transwomen. This kind of research is important for true representation but is only possible when cis-gender researchers engage with transgender perspectives.  The study aimed at identifying the perspective of transwomen regarding the need to undertake research among them, understanding their perspectives of research ethics and articulating requirements to ensure their inclusion in research.  Methods:  The study was an exploratory study using qualitative research methods, conducted with transwomen in Kolkata, West Bengal, India, in collaboration with a transgender led community-based organisation. The National Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Health Research involving Human Participants by the India Council for Medical Research was the reference point for this exploration with focus on select research ethics principles and allied ethical aspects.  Results:  Insights into the perspectives of the transwoman from this research include: research among transgender persons is much needed to understand the trans way of life, identify problems and possible solutions; researchers should be mindful of the preferred nomenclature, invest in rapport building; ensure research is done in a safe space; the results are reported in a way that does not increase stigma and the research findings are used for the benefit of the community.  Conclusions:  While conducting research among trans-communities is important, it is essential that before starting any research with transgender persons, researchers should carefully examine questions related to who benefits from the proposed research, whether the proposed study is meaningful to the trans-community, whether it address their immediate and pressing needs and finally whether it furthers the stigma that transgender persons are subjected to, before embarking on the study.