The association between an inflammation-based nutritional tool (Glasgow Prognostic Score) and length of hospital stay in patients with haematological cancer

Abstract

Abstract Background Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) is a prognostic tool that combines an inflammatory marker [C-Reactive Protein (CRP)] with a nutritional marker (serum albumin). Yet, there is few published work on the reliability of GPS in patients with haematological cancer. Methods This is a retrospective single-centre study. All the participants (n = 1,621) were adult inpatients at Ren Ji Hospital between 2018 and 2022. The GPS (CRP < 10 mg/L and albumin ≥ 35 g/L = 0; CRP ≥ 10 mg/L and albumin < 35 g/L = 2; either CRP ≥ 10 mg/L or albumin < 35 g/L = 1) and a variety of biochemical variables were examined at admission and was obtained by reviewing the medical records. GPS = 0 were classified as low-risk while GPS = 2 as high-risk. Length of hospital stay (LOS) was defined as the interval between the admission and discharge date. Results 8.8% of patients were high-risk. GPS was associated with LOS (β = 2.7 d; 95% CI: 0.8 d, 4.6 d; p trend < 0.001) after adjustment of sex, age, type of diseases, BMI, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, estimated glomerular filtration rate, haemoglobin, red blood cell count, white blood cell count and fasting blood glucose. Each point of GPS was associated with 1.9 days (95% CI: 1.4 d, 2.4 d) longer in LOS with full adjustment. The association was more prominent in younger patients (< 65 y), patients with leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome, and those with normal body weight status (18.5–24 kg/m2), compared with their counterparts. Conclusion GPS was associated with LOS in Chinese patients with haematological cancer, indicating GPS could be a useful assessment tool to predict outcome.