An investigation of the effect of chlorogenic acid on potassium dichromate- induced oxidative stress in rats

Abstract

Abstract Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) is known to be a potential hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic contaminant in humans and animals, with toxicity associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of chlorogenic acid (CGA), which has known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, on potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)-induced acute hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. A total of 36 male Wistar albino rats were separated into 6 groups. The rats were first administered CGA (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg) and 6 hours later a single dose of K2Cr2O7 (15mg/kg) was administtered intraperitoneally. All the rats were sacrificed 24 hours after the final drug administration, then serum, liver and kidney tissues were examined biochemically (MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), histopathologically, and immunohistochemically (NFKB, VEGF iNOS, eNOS). The serum GSH level and the liver CAT, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels were determined to be lower in the group given K2Cr2O7 than in the control group, and the kidney GSH and serum IL-6 levels were found to be increased. The application of K2Cr2O7 was determined to have led to histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in rat liver and kidney tissues. With the application of chlorogenic acid, especially at the 10mg/kg dosage, the above-mentioned parameters approached normal levels. It was concluded that oxidative stress and inflammation played a key role in acute hepato and nephrotoxicity caused by K2Cr2O7 and these harmful effects were prevented by chlorogenic acid (especially at the 10mg/kg dosage) suppressing inflammation.