The Evaluation of Pre-Extubation Vital Signs as Indicators for Extubation Failure in ICU Patients

Abstract

Abstract Objective: This retrospective study analyzes patient vital sign averages during intubation and compares them to 1-hour pre-extubation vital sign averages. Data from 7,185 ICU admissions were compiled from the MIMIC-IV database. Vital signs include heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, blood oxygen level (SpO2), temperature, and glucose levels. Results: There were significant differences between the extubation success (ES) and failure (EF) groups both in their intubation averages and 1-hour pre-extubation averages. ES patients’ respiratory rates increased 1-hour prior to extubation, while EF patients did not demonstrate a marked change. In combination with decreased SpO2, the lack of change in respiratory rate can be a good indicator that a patient experience EF. The results of this study suggest that there are marked changes in patient vital signs 1-hour pre-extubation compared to their total intubation averages between patients that are successfully extubated and those that require reintubation.