First report of Acinetobacter pittii acute community-acquired pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient in France following a heat wave

Abstract

Abstract Background: In recent years, Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (ABC) infections have attracted attention, mainly because of the impact of carbapenem-resistant isolates in hospital-acquired infections. However, acute community acquired ABC infections are not uncommon in warm and humid countries, where they are responsible for community-acquired infections with specific clinical features. So far, such infection has not been reported in France. Case presentation: We report the case of a 55-year-old non-immunocompromised patient, living in France, with no known risk factors for community acquired ABC infections, presented a pneumonia with bloodstream infection, due to wild type A. pittii. The outcome was favorable after a 7 days antibiotic treatment with cefepime. We confirmed bacterial identification with whole-genome sequencing, and we looked into A. pitii core-genome phylogeny for genomic cluster. Conclusions: This situation is uncommon in Europe and occurred after a heat wave in France with temperatures above 38°C. Herein, we discuss the possibility that this pneumonia may be emerging in the current context of global warming.