Enhancing the Thermal Properties of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene through the Addition of Carbon Nanotubes: A Promising Approach for Total Joint Replacement Applications

Abstract

Abstract Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UMWPE) is commonly utilized in orthopaedic applications, particularly joint arthroplasty, due to its exceptional qualities. However, the limitations of pure UHMWPE, such as inadequate wear resistance and potential joint issues, necessitate further advancements to enhance its longevity and reduce the need for revision procedures. This study investigates the integration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as reinforcements in the UHMWPE matrix. The mechanical properties of MWCNTs at varying concentrations were assessed following ASTM standards, while thermal characteristics were evaluated to gauge the impact of MWCNT incorporation. The results demonstrate that the addition of MWCNTs significantly enhances the thermal properties of UHMWPE. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) reveal a reduction in weight loss from 4.3–1.3% and an increase in crystallinity from 52–64%. These findings underscore the potential of MWCNT-reinforced UHMWPE as a viable option for total joint replacement, as it improves thermal characteristics and material durability. This research contributes to the advancement of superior orthopaedic materials with enhanced thermal properties, consequently extending the lifespan of joint arthroplasty devices by addressing the challenges associated with pure UHMWPE.