Assessment of the socioeconomic impact of COVID-19 in Rwanda: Findings from a country-wide community survey

Author:

Uwimana Annie1,Mukamana Liberata2,Ruranga Charles2,Nzabanita Joseph2,Mugeni Regine3,Nishimwe Aurore2,Mutezimana Elias2,Twizeyimana Laurence4,Bahati Odile4,Akili Viviane4,Ngabonziza Jean Claude Semuto5,Musanabaganwa Clarisse5,Rukundo Gilbert5,Semakula Muhammed5,Twagirumukiza Marc2,Jansen Stefan2,Masabo Emmanuel2,Kabano Ignace2,Rubagiza Jolly2,Abdallah Jean Nepo Utumatwishima3

Affiliation:

1. National Bank of Rwanda

2. University of Rwanda

3. Rwamagana Provincial Hospital

4. Regional Alliance of Sustainable Development (RASD Rwanda)

5. Ministry of Health (MoH)

Abstract

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted socioeconomic situation worldwide, and particularly in Rwanda which was rebuilding its economy in the aftermath of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi. Recent studies documented the macro-level socio-economic pandemic impact but the impact on a household’s daily life has been scarcely documented especially in low-and-middle income countries. This work reports a country-wide longitudinal community survey and describes the interplay between multiple factors to assess the socio-economic impact of COVID-19 on the Rwandan population at micro-level (household). The survey was conducted in Rwanda between December 2021 and March 2022 and data used comprised a total of 26,412 response forms received from around 4400 participants surveyed in 6 recurrent bi-weekly phases. This study revealed that the income of 57.7% of respondents has decreased and 15.5% of respondents received support to overcome the consequences. The univariate analysis results indicate that the decrease in income is more seen for females than males. The other most affected group is of daily laborer or small business (77.1%), people living in urban area (63.7%), retired people (66.4%), and people with primary school education level (62.0%). The multivariable findings highlighted that vulnerable groups: income-poor households with low socio-economic categories and females living in rural regions are among the most impacted in terms of food security, electricity, water and transport. The findings from this research will be used by policy makers to design and implement preventive and responsive measures for future pandemics that should be multifactorial and tailored to transversal parameters like gender and residence.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

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