Abstract
Maternal hyperglycemia is associated with heavy-for-date (HFD) infants. Considering the association between body composition and hyperglycemia, we examined the changes in maternal body composition and their relationship with HFD infants in pregnant women with diabetes. Body composition was measured during pregnancy and postpartum. 151 women participated in this retrospective study, including 8.6%, 45%, 29.1%, and 17.3% underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese individuals, respectively. 16.6%, 13.9%, 68.2%, and 1.3% had Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), Type 2 DM, gestational DM, and overt DM, respectively. Of these 26.5% gave birth to HFD infants. In underweight, normal weight, and overweight groups, maternal body weight gain (WG) increased during pregnancy and decreased to postpartum. However, the obese group showed no significant change during pregnancy. Maternal body weight decreased in initial pregnancy compared to that pre-pregnancy in all BMI groups, and decreased postpartum compared to pre-pregnancy in overweight and obese groups. Overall, fat mass (FM) did not increase during pregnancy in women with treated diabetes, and WG was mainly caused by FFM increase in both the obese and non-obese groups. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that WG and FFM in the third trimester can predict HFD infants in pregnant women with diabetes.