Vitamin D Status, Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms, and the Risk of Incident rosacea: Evidence from mendelian randomization and Prospective Study of the UK Biobank

Abstract

Abstract Existing cross-sectional studies can not establish a causal relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) status and incident rosacea. We aim to prospectively investigate the association of serum 25OHD and vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms with the risk of incident rosacea. The study included 370,209 individuals from the UK biobank. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95%CI. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were applied to help elucidate the causality between 25OHD and rosacea. During a mean follow-up of 13.22 years, we documented 1,938 cases of rosacea. Higher levels of serum 25OHD were significantly associated with a lower risk of incident rosacea. Compared with participants with 25OHD <25 nmol/L, multivariate-adjusted HR for incident rosacea was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.70, 0.94) in individuals with 25OHD>50 nmol/L. Compared with participants with serum 25OHD less than 25nmol/L and the allele of rs731236 (TaqI) AA, those with serum 25OHD greater than 75nmol/L and the allele of TaqI GG had a multivariate-adjusted HR of 0.51 (95%CI 0.32 to 0.81) for incident rosacea. The results of the Mendelian randomization (MR) study suggest that 25OHD is associated with a 23% decreased risk of rosacea (HR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.63, 0.93). In general, Higher serum 25OHD concentration is associated with a lower risk of incident rosacea.