Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: To critically review published literature on change in serum value and immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of Insulin growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral squamous cell carcinoma. (OSCC) Methods: Online electronic databases such as PubMed-Medline, Embase, and Scopus were searched using appropriate keywords from the earliest available date till 30th December 2021without restriction on language. Additional sources like Google Scholar, major journals, unpublished studies, conference proceedings, and cross-references were explored. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the “A Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool: for Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions” (ACROBAT-NRSI). Results: Six out of 989 titles met the eligibility criteria. Blood (serum/plasma) and biopsied tissue were the two tissue samples used. Total 614 OSCC patients, 105 OPMD patients and 110 cases were included in the control group. A rise in serum IGFBP-3 in stage I OSCC patients were seen. Reduced serum IGFBP-3, which was associated with stage III and IV OSCC cases, was seen in 4 studies. OPMDs showed dual results. Conclusions: IGFBP-3 plays a role in tumour suppression and promotion. A raised serum value in the initial stages highlights its role in evading malignant transformation, while its raised IHC expression in advancing grades of OSCC reveals its mitogenic potential. Registration: CRD42021277176 Trial Registration: Not applicable