Research on Risk and Disaster Prediction of Tailings Dam Break in Complex Environments

Abstract

Abstract In response to the challenges posed by rapid development, wide-ranging disaster impact, and untimely warning of debris flow resulting from tailing dam failure, it is of great significance to study the mechanism of dam failure as well as the evolution law and affected area of debris flow for effective disaster prediction and risk assessment. Establish a 1:150 physical model for tailing dam failure test and combine it with RAMMS debris flow software to study the mechanism of tailing dam failure and the evolution law of rock flow in complex environments. By analyzing and comparing experimental data, the consequences of disaster risk following dam failure were summarized in a comprehensive manner. The results show that: The particle size distribution of the model sand should be moderate; The composition of particle size distribution has a significant impact on the collapse morphology of dam body after dam failure. The saturation line is the lifeline for tailing reservoir stability, and its level determines the degree of tailing saturation in the reservoir. The breach is situated at the midpoint of the dam crest. When the breach occurs, the inflow volume is 0.313m3. According to the flow ratio relationship, the inflow volume at breach occurrence is equivalent to 1.78 times the total amount of a 1000-year flood and 1.19 times the total amount of a probable maximum flood (PMF). The analysis of the surface flow field reveals that the region with the highest flow velocity extends from the dam toe to Shangdi village; The impact on Shizhou village is limited to the backwater of the dam break water flow and gradual sedimentation of tailings.