The Effect of Whitening Toothpastes on the Surface Properties and Color Stability of Different Ceramic Materials

Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of whitening toothpastes on the surface roughness and colour change of CAD-CAM materials. Materials and methods A total of 96 samples (2x10x12 mm³) were prepared from Cerasmart (CS) and Celtra Duo blocks. Celtra Duo samples were divided into two groups. One group was fired with glaze paste (CDC) and the other was not treated (CD). All groups were then divided into 4 subgroups (n = 8). The groups were brushed with conventional (Colgate™ Max Fresh), silica (Opalescence™), charcoal (Curaprox™ Black in White) and blue covarin (Signal™ White Now) toothpastes for 30,000 brushing cycles. The initial and final surface roughness values were measured with contact profilometer and a dental spectrophotometer used for obtaining colour values. One sample from each brushed group analyzed using a surface electron microscope. Data analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. (p = 0.05) Results The surface roughness of CS samples brushed with Opalescence™ and Curaprox™ was significantly higher than CD and CDC. Surface roughness change values of CS samples brushed with Curaprox™ were significantly higher than the CD and CDC. Curaprox™ brushed samples showed significant difference in colour change values for all materials. Conclusions Brushing increases the surface roughness of CAD-CAM ceramic materials. The roughness of resin-based materials is higher than zirconia-reinforced lithium silicates. Silica-contained toothpastes may cause discoloration of nanoceramic and zirconia reinforced glass ceramic restorations. Clinical relevance It should be clinically considered that whitening toothpastes may cause roughness in ceramic materials and change the desired color.