Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the prevalence, dimensions, and positions of AMF and LLF in an Iranian population using CBCT imaging.
Methods and materials:
In this cross-sectional study, CBCT images of 2082 patients were retrospectively reviewed based on inclusion criteria, including images from the mandibular region taken in the past five years with accurate demographic data. Exclusion criteria included images with significant pathologies, fractures, or poor quality. CBCT images were captured, and AMF and LLF presence, dimensions, and positions were recorded relative to the mental foramen and adjacent teeth. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test with a 5% significance level.
Results
A total of 2082 CBCT samples (46.54% females and 53.46% males) with a mean age of 48.30 ± 12.7 years were examined. Among these, 246 AMFs were observed in 222 individuals, with 24 having two AMFs. AMF was mostly observed unilaterally, with bilateral occurrence noted in 10.81% of patients with AMF. There were no significant differences between genders in AMF and LLF prevalence. Additionally, 68 patients were found to have lateral lingual foramina (LLFs).
Conclusion
AMF and LLF were detectable using CBCT, with a prevalence of 11.81% for AMF and 5.91% for LLF in the selected Iranian population. AMF was commonly situated posterior and superior to the mental foramen, while LLF was often found near the first premolar. This knowledge is crucial for preventing nerve injury during surgery and ensuring effective nerve block procedures.