Applying Problem Behaviour Theory to Psychosocial Factors on Predicting Initiation and Persistence of Problem Drinking Among Taiwanese Adolescents

Abstract

Abstract Objective: We examined psychosocial factors associated with the initiation and persistence of problem drinking applying the Problem Behaviour Theory among adolescents in Taiwan. Methods: A total of 4331 students (56% girls, mean age = 16.0 ± 0.52) from 14 senior high schools were assessed in 10th grade, with follow-up performed in 11th grade, in Taipei, Taiwan. Online questionnaires on sociodemographic data, depressive symptoms, self-esteem, social support, family discord, impulsivity, and alcohol and tobacco use were assessed at baseline (T1) and at follow-up one year later (T2). Hierarchical multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate predictors of the initiation and persistence of problem drinking. Results: Of the 3867 students without problem drinking in 10th grade, 333 (8.6%) had initiated problem drinking by grade 11. Top- school ranking and low impulsivity at T2 were protective factors for the initiation of problem drinking. Of the 464 students with problem drinking in 10th grade, 215 (46.3%) continued to have problem drinking in grade 11. Male sex, higher levels of depression at T2, more peers with whom they can talk to, and smoking at T2 were the common predictors for the initiation and persistence of problem drinking at T2. Perceived support from teachers and more parents with whom they can talk to at T2 had protective effects on the persistence group. Conclusions: A better understanding of psychosocial predictors for the initiation/persistence of problem drinking might be useful for its prevention and early intervention. Identifications and managements of depression and smoking, as well as enhancing teachers’ and parents’ support may be indicated in preventing the initiation or persistence of alcohol use among adolescents.