Assessment Of Bromochloroacetonitrile Formed As A Disinfection Byproduct in an HaCaT Cells

Abstract

Abstract Water chlorination produces bromochloroacetonitrile as a disinfectant byproduct. The cytotoxic effects of bromochloroacetonitrile on human keratinocyte cells were examined. For 24 and 48 hours, cells were treated to 5–80 M bromochloroacetonitrile. The cytotoxic effects were assessed using the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and Lactate Dehydrogenase Leakage tests. Changes in cellular Reactive Oxygen Species were studied. The scratch test was also used to study the influence of bromochloroacetonitrile on wound healing in cell culture. Cytotoxicity was shown to be concentration and time dependant. In human keratinocyte cells, increasing doses of bromochloroacetonitrile were shown to promote reactive oxygen species assay generation. It was discovered that bromochloroacetonitrile concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 M had no detrimental effect on wound healing, but that hazardous concentrations of 40, 60, and 80 M slowed wound healing. For the first time in the literature, the effects of bromochloroacetonitrile on human keratinocyte cells were investigated in this work.