Affiliation:
1. Syiah Kuala University
2. Ministry of Education
3. Ungku Aziz Centre for Development Studies Universiti Malaya
4. School of Information, Computer and Communication Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Thailand and School of Knowledge Science, Japan Advanced Institute
Abstract
Abstract
Climate change and global warming are terms used to describe the increase in the Earth's mean temperature. One method for determining the temperature of a region is Land Surface Temperature (LST). The study of LST is important and closely related to climate change, as well as the provision of convenient living and working conditions in cities, which support economic growth. The NASA Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) database was deployed to obtain information on the LST of each subregion for the period from 2000 to 2022. The study area consists of 11 capital cities from Southeast Asian (SEA) nations, organized into nine sub-regional super-regions. The study's objective was to employ a cubic spline model with seven and eight knots to assess the periodic patterns and fluctuations of LST in SEA cities. A 95% confidence interval was then created using the LST variation. The findings showed a confidence interval of [0.295, 0.447]°C at a 95% confidence level and an overall average increase in LST in the SEA of 0.371°C per decade. While LST increased in Jakarta, Hanoi, Vientiane, Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, and Phnom Penh, it remained unchanged in the Bandar Seri Begawan super-region. On the other hand, LST was slightly lower in Naypyidaw and slightly higher in Manila.
Publisher
Research Square Platform LLC