Association of Milk Consumption with the Incidence of Cholelithiasis Disease in the US Adult Population

Abstract

Abstract Background: Previous studies support the association of dietary factors with the development of cholelithiasis, but the relationship between milk consumption and the incidence of cholelithiasis has not been reliably studied. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the association between milk consumption and the incidence of cholelithiasis in male and female. Method: We selected 14722 adults (≥18 years old) from National Center for Health Statistics (NHANSE) 2017-2020, and collected general characteristics of patients in the database, such as age, gender, race and body mass index (BMI), as well as dietary information (milk consumption). The occurrence of cholelithiasis was used as the outcome event, and the group was divided into cholelithiasis and non-cholelithiasis groups according to the outcome event. We used logistic regression models in generalized linear model (GLM) functions, controlling for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors, to estimate the association between milk intake and the incidence of cholelithiasis in male and female. Result: In the present study, the overall weighted prevalence of cholelithiasis was 10.96%, with 15.18% and 6.48% prevalence in women and men, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, regular milk intake was associated with a lower incidence of cholelithiasis in female（OR：0.75，95% CI：0.60-0.94, P=0.012）. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study to investigate the association between milk intake and the incidence of gallstone disease; the study suggests that regular milk intake may help reduce the risk of gallstone incidence in both male and female.