Determinants and Economic Consequences of Self Reported Illness Among Indian Construction Workers – A Multicentre Study

Abstract

Abstract Background Construction workers have health hazards inherent to the nature of work and at further risk for poverty due to poor living conditions. We investigated perceived illness among workers and family members in the past year and the economic consequences of morbidities in terms of Catastrophic Health Expenditure (CHE). Methods In this cross-sectional multicenter study, we recruited construction workers of both sexes from construction sites of two Indian cities. We collected details on illnesses requiring a healthcare visit in the past year, expenditure and related details. Results Of 1263 participants recruited, data on illness during the past year were reported by 1110 participants; 37% (n = 302) reported illness among themselves or family members requiring a healthcare visit. We constructed a regression model to ascertain demographic and living condition determinants of illness (R^2 = 54%, p < 0.001). We observed kitchen in the living space (OR = 1.87), and using unhygienic smoky cooking fuels (OR = 1.87) were associated with an increased likelihood of reporting illness. More than a quarter of those who reported illness incurred CHE. Both CHE incurred and non-incurred groups displayed similar trends of health-seeking behaviors. Conclusion We conclude that both prevalence of self reported illness and CHE were relatively high, especially among the migratory group. Our results demonstrate that poor living conditions add to the burden of morbidity in construction workers and families. Providing medical coverage for this population vulnerable to economic hardships, engaging and educating about affordable healthcare are important future steps to prevent further economic consequences.