PSOGSA for the Design of Hybrid Fractal Curve Based MIMO Antenna for 5G Applications

Abstract

Abstract In this manuscript the design of a high isolation Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Hybrid Fractal Antenna (HFA) has been presented for 5G and other wireless standards in wider operational frequency range from 1 to 30GHz. The proposed MIMO antenna has been developed by the hybrid combination of Minkowski and Meander fractal curves on a partial octagonal shaped radiating patch. Fractional ground plane is used for the assembly of antenna in the initial phase and, further the T-stub has been exploited on the ground plane to expand the isolation between the radiating elements. The structure of Meander and Minkowski hybrid fractal curves is generated by using iterative function system (IFS) technique. The dimensions of proposed antenna are optimized using particle swarm optimization gravitational search algorithm (PSOGSA).A wider impedance bandwidth 29GHz (187.09%) has been attained in the operative frequency range by using merged fractal structure on proposed patch with tapered transmission line feed. The optimized structure of proposed hybrid MIMO antenna has been fabricated on Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate material of height 1.6mm. The performance parameters of the projected antenna have been measured and analysed .The obtained experimental results are highly correlated with simulated ones. Performance diversity parameters of designed antenna like CCL, DG, ECC, TARC and MEG fall within working limits in the frequency range of interest. Also the developed antenna retains high isolation between − 30 to -50dB in the desired frequency range .The proposed model of antenna can be useful for 5G 3.5GHz band, 5G NR (New Radio) frequency bands (3.3–5.0GHz), LTE band 46 (5.15–5.925GHz), EU (European Union) 5G frequency band (5.9–6.4GHz), 5G 26GHz frequency band and other wireless standards in the frequency range from 1 to 30GHz.