Legal and Political Feasibility of Implementing Front-of-Pack Labelling Interventions to Prevent Nutrition-Related Non-Communicable Diseases in Kenya

Abstract

Abstract Background: Kenya lags in the adaptation and implementation of front-of-pack labeling interventions despite the rising prevalence of nutrition-related non-communicable diseases. It is important to explore the factors influencing the political acceptability and legal feasibility of this policy recommendation to support its uptake in the Kenyan context. The objective of this study is to assess the legal and political feasibility of implementing front-of-pack labeling (FOPL) interventions for the prevention of nutrition-related non-communicable diseases in Kenya. Design: The feasibility assessment used the novel FELIP Framework. We conducted desk-based reviews of the existing laws, laws related to the sector, the present legal infrastructure, and processes involved in adopting the laws to identify potential policy formulations. We also conducted key informant interviews with stakeholders on their views on the barriers, facilitators, and legal and political feasibility of the FOPL policy. The findings from the key informant interviews and desk reviews were analyzed thematically and mapped against the original policy formulations identified as part of the FELIP method. Results: Policy and decision-makers in Kenya are in support of the adoption and implementation of a front-of-pack labeling intervention. The main facilitators to the development of the policy identified were (1) the availability of supporting evidence, (2) the development of standards, and (3) the identification of an appropriate policy anchor and administrative infrastructure. The main barriers were (1) nutrition literacy, and (2) industry interference. Conclusion: The adoption and implementation of a front-of-pack labeling system in Kenya is largely politically acceptable and the legal infrastructure is favorable to anchor the policy. There is a need to increase political will in support of public health interests over commercial interests. Public health campaigns are essential to realize the effective uptake of the intervention at the population level.