Unveiling the Lived Experiences of Sexual and Gender Diverse Individuals in Guyana: A Qualitative Investigation into Wellbeing

Abstract

Abstract Background While there have been notable improvements in the social conditions of sexual and gender identity minority individuals in Guyana, recent research has identified the persistence of structural heterosexism and discrimination, including the reluctance of the Guyanese government to repeal colonial-era “anti-gay” laws that govern sexual behavior. In this qualitative study, we employed a theoretical framework integrating the Social Determinants of Health, Well-being Domains Theory, and Intersectional Minority Stress Theory to explore the positive and negative experiences of individuals from sexual and gender identity minority groups residing in Guyana. Methods Four focus groups were convened that included adult non-heterosexual men, women and transgender persons (Total N = 45). The focus groups prompted discussions about participants’ experiences in various life domains, including social, interpersonal, vocational, healthcare, housing, public spaces, socio-political contexts, significant life events, and personal successes. We used thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and themes in the participants’ discussions, providing a structured framework for understanding and interpreting their experiences in the specified life domains. Results Major positive themes included non-governmental organization support, family acceptance and healthy habit adoption to cope with stress. Negative themes included transportation inaccessibility, job discrimination, and lack of governmental support. Conclusion The Guyanese sexual and gender identity minority community is resilient and productive, despite enduring centuries-old social norms in Guyana that ostracize them. They have developed community resilience through the support of NGOs and past government initiatives, yet there remains a significant need for further efforts to achieve social parity. Collaborative initiatives involving both governmental and civil society organizations can play a vital role in dismantling the barriers.