Time Trends in Hypertensive Heart Disease in Women of Childbearing Age in China from 1990 to 2019: A Joinpoint Regression and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

Abstract

Abstract Background: Epidemiological research on hypertensive heart disease (HHD) in women of childbearing age (WCBA) remains scarce in China. We aim to describe the current prevalence of HHD in China and analyze its temporal trends over the past 30 years. Methods: WCBA was defined as WCBA years. The age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of HHD in WCBA was estimated. Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort methods were used to analyze the temporal trends from 1990 to 2019. Results: In 2019, the prevalence of HHD among WCBA in China was 0.171 million (95% UI: 0.105 to 0.262). From 1990 to 2019, there was an annual net drift of 0.65% (95% CI: 0.52 to 0.77) in HHD prevalence among WCBA in China. Although cohorts born earlier had a lower risk of disease, age and period effects showed unfavorable trends. From 1990 to 2019, there was a significant increase in HHD (AAPC = 0.67%, 95% CI:0.57 to 0.78; P < 0.001), with the most notable change occurring between 2000-2004 (APC = 3.83%, 95%CI: 3.20 to 4.45; P < 0.001). However, the ASPR of HHD in WCBA rapidly declined after 2015, with an APC of -0.84%. Conclusion: Over the past 30 years, the ASPR of HHD among WCBA in China has generally shown an upward trend. Despite a downward trend in the ASPR of HHD in WCBA after 2015, the burden of HHD remains a concern. Continuous efforts are needed to reduce the burden of HHD in WCBA in China further, aligning with the strategic goal of "Healthy China 2030" and improving public health.