Subjectively intense odor does not affect dream emotions during rapid eye movement sleep

Abstract

Abstract Dreams experienced during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep have emotional features. Intervention methods for dream affectivity have recently garnered interest, and we have demonstrated that negative dreams were induced during REM sleep through exposure to a favorable or familiar odors. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain unclear. To address this gap, we investigated whether more intense odors could induce negative dreams, as odors tend to be perceived as more intense when they are preferred or familiar. Contrary to our hypothesis, the results of our study indicate that subjective intense odors did not induce negative dreams. We initially expected stronger odors to have a greater impact on dream emotionality, as they stimulate the brain more intensely. Notably, during arousal, weak odors tend to evoke a more potent olfactory response, while strong odors tend to produce a weaker response. To investigate whether this difference influenced the effects on dreams, we compared the respiratory activities of the strongly and weakly perceived odor groups but found no significant differences. Our findings suggest that subjectively perceived strong odors are unlikely to affect dream emotionality and may be processed differently than favorable or familiar odors.