Abstract
Background:Ectopic fatty tissues are known to have adverse effects on systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and various metabolic profiles and are associated with cardiovascular risk. Among these fatty tissues, peri-renal fat tissue is located adjacent to the kidney and is active in the secretion of various adipokines in metabolism. The effect of peri-renal and para-renal fat tissue thickness on subclinical atherosclerosis and myocardial functions in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was investigated in this study.
Methods: The study included 108 patients newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes (59 men, 49 women, mean age: 49.8±9.8 years) and 49 individuals without any disease as a control group (15 men, 34 women, mean age: 48.1±7.5 years). After obtaining the demographic data of all patients, laboratory values were measured following an 8-hour fasting. Peri-renal and para-renal fat tissue thicknesses as well as carotid intima media thickness were measured by ultrasonography. Conventional parameters were measured by transthoracic echocardiography and myocardial velocities by tissue Doppler, as well as epicardial fat tissue thickness.
Results: Carotid intima media thickness, epicardial fat tissue thickness, peri-renal, para-renal fat tissue thicknesses were higher in newly diagnosed T2DM patients than in the control group. While the E/A ratio was significantly lower in T2DM patients compared to the control group, the E wave deceleration time (EDT) E/E'septal and lateral ratios were significantly higher. Peri-renal and para-renal fat tissue thicknesses (CIMT) were significantly correlated with epicardial fat tissue thicknesses. Para-renal and peri-renal fat tissue thicknesses were also negatively correlated with EF and E/A ratio, and positively correlated with E/E'septal. Likewise, there was a significant correlation with insulin, HOMA-IR and glucose values.
Conclusion: Peri-renal and para-renal fat tissue thickness measured by ultrasonography in newly diagnosed diabetic individuals is significantly thicker compared to the normal population and is significantly associated with CIMT and epicardial fat tissue, which are indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis. Noninvasively measured peri-renal and para-renal fat tissue thicknesses are related to glycemic parameters as well as deterioration of diastolic functions, which may indicate subclinical cardiac involvement. Peri-renal and para-renal fat tissue may be useful in predicting subclinical atherosclerosis.