Visible light Induced Photocatalytic Activity of Polypyrrole Decorated Zinc Ferrite Green Nanohybrids Against Cetirizine Hydrochloride Degradation

Abstract

Abstract The present work reports photocatalytic degradation of cetirizine hydrochloride (CTZ-HCl) utilizing polypyrrole (PPy) nanohybrids with ZnFe2O4 (ZnFe) nanoparticles. The synthesized materials were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, BET and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. IR and XRD analysis confirmed the formation of ZnFe/PPy nanohybrids. UV reflectance studies revealed that the band gap was found to decrease with increase in the loading of PPy and Kubelka -Munk plots confirmed the bandgap values to be 2.03 eV for ZnFe, 1.94 eV for 1% PPy/ZnFe, 1.66 eV for 3% PPy/ZnFe and 1.38 eV for 5% PPy/ZnFe. The photocatalytic performance against CTZ-HCl degradation was performed under visible light irradiation for 60 min. The effect of catalyst dosage and the effect of drug concentration were investigated to confirm degradation behavior of the PPy/ZnFe photocatalysts. The degradation followed the pseudo first order kinetics model. Maximum photocatalytic degradation was observed to be 98% within 60 minutes using 5% PPy/ZnFe as the photocatalyst. The recyclability tests revealed that the 5% PPy/ZnFe photocatalyst was reusable up to 4 cycles. Radical scavenging studies confirmed the generation of ●OH radicals that were responsible for the drug degradation. The degraded fragments were analyzed using LCMS technique and the tentative mechanism of degradation was proposed.