Ulcerative Aspergillus tracheobronchitis in a severe burn victim without immune deficiency: a case report

Abstract

Abstract Background Ulcerative Aspergillus tracheobronchitis is a rare invasive pulmonary Aspergillus disease, which is commonly seen in patients with immunocompromised function, but rarely seen in those with immunocompetent. Case presentation We describe a rare case of ulcerative Aspergillus tracheobronchitis in a 29-year-old man with severe burn and with immunocompetent. The man was admitted to the intensive care unit for a severe burn. Bronchial ulcer was detected via the bedside bronchoscopy, Aspergillus hyphae and spores were revealed via endobronchial biopsy and the ulcer was improved after systemic and local anti-Aspergillus treatment. These findings confirmed a diagnosis of ulcerative Aspergillus tracheobronchitis. Conclusion Clinicians should be reminded that Aspergillus tracheobronchitis can occur in patients without immune deficiency, particularly in patients who inhale large amounts of Aspergillus and with injured airway.