Determination of Electrolytes and Trace Elements in Biological Samples of Patients with Oligozoospermia,Asthenozoospermia, Oligoasthenozoospermia, Oliasthenoteratozoospermia, Teratozoospermia: A Correlational Analysis

Abstract

Abstract Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) is a condition characterized by low sperm count, poor motility, and abnormal morphology, which poses a significant challenge to male reproductive health. The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of essential trace and electrolyte elements, such as calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, selenium, and zinc, in biological samples from individuals diagnosed with OAT. This study utilized correlational analysis to determine the po-tential associations between these elements and male fertility. Imbalances in these elements have been linked to various pathological conditions and male reproductive issues. One hundred eighty referent male adults and three hundred forty-eight patients diagnosed with subtypes of infertility were included in the study, divided into four age groups. Acid digestion was controlled using a microwave oven, and the essential trace and electrolyte elements in the oxidized biological samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Certified reference materials of blood and serum were used to validate the accuracy of the methodology. The results showed that the con-centrations of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Se, and Zn in the blood, serum, and seminal plasma of male adults in all age groups were higher than those in patients with different infertility phenotypes. Essential element deficiency in all biological fluid samples may significantly negatively affect human re-productive health and lead to male infertility. Through a multidimensional approach, our study sought to unravel the intricate biochemical signatures associated with OAT, providing insights that may shape the landscape of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for male reproductive health.