Investigation of high-risk HPV infection in high-grade lesions of the cervix and cervical cancer

Abstract

Abstract Background By understanding the diagnostic value of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types in high-grade cervical lesions and cervical cancer, we expect to provide a theoretical basis for more targeted cervical lesion diagnosis and vaccine coverage and nucleotide polymorphism in Anshun, Guizhou Province. Methods 10,774 samples were collected from people who underwent HPV typing test during June 2020 to December 2021 in Anshun People’s Hospital, Guizhou Province. Sources included outpatients, inpatients and physical examination participants. Main types of infection and the extent of cervical lesions were analyzed by PCR-reverse dot blot (PCR-RDB), TCT tests, colposcopy, pathological sections and histochemical staining. Meanwhile, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of HPV52 and HPV58 were analyzed and phylogenetic trees of E6/E7 regions of HPV52 and HPV58 were established by MEGA11. Results In Anshun area of Guizhou province, single infection dominated in HR-HPV infections, and the positive rate was 20.36%. The main types were HPV52 (6.11%), HPV16 (3.59%), HPV58 (3.04%), HPV53 (2.31%), and HPV51 (1.95%). Combined TCT test, colposcopy, pathological section and histochemical staining revealed that Type 16, 18, 52 and 58 could cause cervical lesions.The results of pathological section revealed that the positive rates were 27.94% and 36.36% for Type 52 and 58, respectively, which were higher than that of Type 16 and 18. SNP and evolutionary tree analysis revealed that in HPV52, there were 7 single nucleotide mutation sites in E6 and 3 in E7; among them, new mutations were found which included A125T, A294Tand T416C in E6, and T666C in E7, and all HPV52 subtypes were distributed in the B lineage.Similarly, in HPV58, there were 3 single nucleotide mutations found in E6 and 8 found in E7, which were exclusively distributed in the A lineage. Conclusions The prevalence of HR-HPV in Anshun area of Guizhou Province was consistent with that in the whole country, which mainly included Type 16, 18, 52, and 58, but with new mutation sites.