In-situ magnetic deep eutectic solvent based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of cefixime in biological samples by high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

Abstract In this study, an in-situ hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvent based on ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (HMDES-UA-DLLME) was considered for the determination of cefixime drug in the biological samples. A deep eutectic solvent magnetized (MDES), [tetrabutylammonium bromide/decanoic acid][FeCl3] was prepared through an in-situ combination of the deep eutectic solvent (DES) and FeCl3 in the sample solution. The characterization of the synthesized component was performed by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). Some factors influencing the extraction yield were assessed. Based on following the optimization, the calibration curve for the analyte was in the ranges of 2-1000 µg L− 1, with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9954. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) were 0.5 and 1.6 µg L− 1 in real samples, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precision were in the range of 33 − 3.9% and 4.5–5.2% respectively. The extraction recoveries and enrichment factors of the analyte were acquired to be in the range of 92.1–93.8% and 125, respectively. Ultimately, the method was handled to extract cefixime drug in wastewater, human urine and plasma samples.