Carrot genotypes differentially alter soil microbial communities and organic matter priming

Abstract

Abstract Purpose Farmers need alternative approaches to manage nitrogen (N) that meet crop needs while reducing loss to the environment. Identifying crop genotypes that promote positive priming of organic matter in soil could help address this challenge. We aimed to 1) determine whether carrot genotypes differ in their potential to facilitate organic matter decomposition to scavenge N in soil, and 2) identify microbial taxa that are stimulated by carrot roots and thus could play a role in these processes. Methods We grew five genotypes expected to differ in N use efficiency in a nutrient-poor soil amended with 15N-enriched corn residue, tracked changes in carbon (C) and N pools, quantified microbial activity and bacterial community composition, and predicted the potential expression of microbial genes involved in soil C and N cycles. Results Experimental genotypes 8503 and 3999 had the greatest capacity to promote priming. Distinct bacterial communities from the families Micromonosporaceae, Chromatiaceae, and Rhodospirillaceae were enriched in the soils of genotypes most effective in scavenging N and this was correlated with genes responsible for β-glucosidase and nitrification activity. Conclusions Carrot genotypes do differ in the potential to stimulate microbially-mediated decomposition of organic materials indicating that it may be possible to begin selecting for this important trait.