The effect of irrigation solution temperature and novel heat-treated rotary files on apical debris extrusion and canal preparation time.

Abstract

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to compare apical debris extrusion and canal preparation time of two NiTi files (ProTaper-Gold (PTG), ProTaper-Ultimate (PTU)) when operated with irrigation solutions of different temperatures. Materials and Methods Mesio-buccal roots of sixty mandibular first molars were distributed into six groups depending on the file type (PTG, PTU) and irrigation solution temperature (20°C, 37°C, 45°C). During canal preparation, apically extruded debris was collected in glass tubes, where the difference of the pre and post extruded debris wight was measured. The time required for canal preparation was recorded in seconds. One-way and two-way ANOVA tests were used followed by multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni post-hoc test. Results Both file systems were associated with debris extrusion, which was affected by the file type and temperature (p < 0.05). Only PTU was affected by the temperature with significantly lower extrusion at 37°C. The canal preparation time was only affected by the temperature, (p = 0.001) without a significant effect of the file type (p = 0.552). Both file types had shorter canal preparation times at 20°C. Conclusions The novel PTU file system has a similar performance to the PTG at room and body temperatures and higher debris extrusion on heated irrigation, the irrigant temperature could influence the debris extrusion and time of preparation. Clinical relevance: This study highlights the importance of considering the temperature of irrigation solutions during root canal treatment. Depending on the file system used, the temperature was found to impact the amount of apical debris extrusion and canal preparation time during instrumentation.