Clinical outcomes of aortic root repair using pericardial autograft for acute type A aortic dissection

Abstract

Abstract Background For acute type A aortic dissection involving the aortic root with root diameter no more than 45mm, there are various aortic root repair techniques. In this study, a novel surgical technique using a pericardial autograft for aortic root repair was introduced. We described its surgical steps in detail and compare its clinical outcomes with direct suture technique. Methods Between July 2017 and August 2022, 95 consecutive patients with acute type A aortic dissection who underwent aortic root repair were enrolled, including aortic root repair using pericardial autograft (group A, n = 49) or direct suture (group B, n = 46). The patient’s clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, and a 5-year follow-up was conducted. Results The 30-day mortality, reoperation for hemostasis, postoperative new-onset renal failure requiring continuous renal replacement therapy, stroke, and paraplegia occurred in 3%, 4%, 11%, 5%, and 2% of the overall patients, respectively. There was no significant difference in the 30-day mortality and complication rate between the two groups. The 30-day mortality and reoperation for hemostasis marked the primary endpoint events. Logistic regression analysis indicated that there was a significant correlation between the primary endpoint events and surgical technique (odds ratio, 0.002; 95% confidence interval, 0-0.159; P = 0.026). The aortic valve insufficiency of the two groups were significantly improved after operation (group A, P < 0.001; group B, P < 0.001). During follow-up, there was no significant difference in short-term survival between the two groups after surgery (log-rank P = 0.75), and all patients were free from reoperation for aortic disease. Conclusions Patients who underwent aortic root repair using pericardial autograft tended to have reduced 30-day mortality and a lower risk of reoperation for hemostasis. Using pericardial autograft for aortic root repair is a safe and useful approach for patients with acute type A aortic dissection involving the aortic root.