Abstract
Numerical optimization of antenna characteristics is an efficient tool to obtain optimal antenna designs with lower sizes, higher gains and wider bandwidths. This paper presents a design and implementation of an antenna prototype based on numerical investigation and optimization of a two-element MIMO antenna model that provides these features. The proposed model has two square fractal metamaterial patches with dimensions of 130 × 65 µm2, and it operates in the THz frequency band. The antenna dimensions are all optimized to provide the optimal characteristics in terms of gain, bandwidth and scattering parameters. In this article, the proposed design is examined from several perspectives, for example, the performance of the MIMO antenna model and the single-element antenna model are analyzed and compared. It is found that the proposed model provides an output gain of 11.1 dBi and a two frequency bands with bandwidths of 18.1 THz and 21.2 THz, with an expansion of 114% and 57% respectively. This design has a gain of 5.18 dBi and measures 130 × 65 µm2. A comparative analysis is conducted between the two-element fractal MIMO design, the O-shaped single element antenna model, with other designs introduced in the literature. The proposed antenna design has high gain, wide operating bandwidths which are essential requirements of 6G mobile communication technology.