Impact of Digital Inequality in the Transition to the Online Environment

Abstract

Abstract The pandemic outbreak instigated the world to implement restrictions to contain the virus transmission, forcing people to remain in lockdown and implement public health measures. To adapt to these changes, and taking advantage of technology, most activities, including education, have shifted to online environments. However, the shift to online learning from face-to-face classes has exposed the socioeconomic and technological gaps among individuals worldwide, despite the increased adoption of digital technologies over the years. Access to computers and to the Internet can vary depending on the social and economic circumstances of each individual. This study intends on understanding the inequality of access to digital technologies among higher education students in Portugal using a quantitative approach. A survey was distributed to the students of Polytechnic of Porto to compare two periods (before and during the COVID-19 lockdown). The results indicate that although the shift to online learning presented some challenges for the students, they found it to be an easy transition due to their access to Internet and technological devices. The students were also comfortable with online tools and the use of digital technologies. In conclusion, this study suggests that the transition to online learning did not have a significant impact on Portuguese higher education students.