Factors associated with the risk of the incidence of heart failure in diabetic patients followed in Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Abstract

Abstract Background: The association between diabetes and heart failure is known in the literature, but data in Sub-Saharan Africa are limited. The objective of this study is to identify the clinical and hemodynamic factors associated with the incidence of heart failure in diabetics followed in Goma. Methods: Asymptomatic diabetics in the city of Goma were cross-sectionally recruited at the Center of the Association of Diabetics in Congo (ADIC) in Goma, DRC during the period from February 5 to 19, 2023. The risk of insufficiency heart rate at 5 years was determined using BNP. A BNP value ≥50 pg/ml was considered an incidence of heart failure. The association between the incidence of HF and the independent variables was assessed using the logistic regression test, the best performing blood pressure component of the incidence of heart failure was assessed by the ROC curve and the area under the curve. Results: The incidence frequency of heart failure was 29.98%. Analysis of the ROC curve showed that PP was the most important component of AP associated with a subsequent incidence of HF [AUC = 0.873; 95% CI: 0.829-0.916]. After adjusting for all these variables in a multiple logistic regression, age≥40 years (aOR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.03-3.04) (p=0.024), female gender (aOR: 2.00, 95% IC: 1.24- 3.25) (p=0.005), PP≥65 mmHg (aOR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.83-3.99) (p<0.001) and eGFR<60 mmHg (aOR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.09-3.00) (p =0.037) were the independent risk factors associated with the incidence of HF in diabetics. Conclusion: The frequency of HF is high in asymptomatic diabetics in Goma. It is associated with gender, age, PP and altered eGFR.