The Significance of Preoperative Systemic Immune Inflammation Index in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Patients and the Establishment of a Nomogram

Abstract

Abstract Purpose The systemic immune inflammation index (SII) has acquired prominence as a cancer patient prognostic factor and has been utilized as an essential biomarker. Many malignant tumors' prognoses are correlated with SII, and its function in glioblastoma (GBM) is unclear. In this investigation, we sought to determine the prognostic value of SII in newly diagnosed GBM and to develop a nomogram in accordance with these findings. Methods The information of patients with newly operable GBM was analyzed. We identified the statistically ideal threshold values for cancer-specific death with the highest sensitivity and specificity based on Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve. To account for any potential imbalance in confounding factors, Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was utilized. Based on the findings, a nomogram was developed. The performance of the nomograms in terms of calibration, discrimination, and clinical utility was evaluated. Results We performed a retrospective analysis on 109 patients newly diagnosed with GBM. A lower preoperative SII (SII≤610.13) was associated with considerably longer overall survival (OS) in GBM patients, as shown by the Kaplan-Meier analysis of survival (p = 0.045). In GBM patients, using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, SII was found to be an independent risk factor for OS (HR=0.030, 95% CI=1.060-3.000, P=0.05). The prognosis of GBM patients could be accurately predicted using a nomogram that included SII. Conclusion Preoperative SII level was an independent prognostic factor for GBM patients. The nomogram including SII underscored its significance. However, further evaluation and future research are needed to validate these findings.