Snoring-related polygenic risk and its relationship with lifestyle factors in a Korean population: KoGES study

Abstract

Abstract Background Few studies show the association between genetic and lifestyle factors and the risk of snoring. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) indicating genetic risks derived from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data have received much attention. Therefore, we investigated the relationships between PRS and other risk factors for snoring, including lifestyle. Methods To create a PRS for snoring, we combined genotyping with Korean Genome Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Associations were observed for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, and sleep time. The PRS-KoGES was generated by PRS-Campos, derived from the European population. Using a multivariate logistic regression model, we assessed whether lifestyle factors mitigated the genetic risk of developing snoring. Results We included 3,526 snorers and 1,939 non-snorers in the KoGES cohort. The highest adjusted odds ratio for snoring was higher BMI, followed by male sex, older age, genetic factors as higher PRS, drinking experience, late sleep mid-time, smoking experience, and lower physical activity. The risk factors influenced by PRS were male sex, older age, alcohol consumption, smoking, lower BMI, low physical activity, and late sleep mid-time. Conclusions We identified the characteristics of lifestyle factors related to snoring influenced by PRS.