Development and validation of a realistic neonatal intestinal atresia simulator for the training of pediatric surgeons

Abstract

Abstract Background Neonatal surgical pathology presents high technical complexity and few opportunities for training. Many of the neonatal surgical entities are not replicable in animal models. The use of realistic 3D models is a cost-effective and efficient alternative for the training of new generations of pediatric surgeons. Methods We conceptualized, designed, and produced an anatomically realistic model for the open correction of jejunoileal atresia. We validated it with two groups of participants (experts and non-experts) through face, construct, and content validity questionnaires. Results The model was validated by 11 experts and 9 non-experts. The mean procedure time for the experts and non-experts groups was 41 and 42 minutes respectively. Six non-experts and one expert did not complete the procedure at the designed time (45 minutes) (p = 0.02). The mean score of face validity was 3.1 out of 4. Regarding construct validity, we found statistically significant differences between groups for the correct calculation of the section length of the antimesenteric border (Nixon's technique) (p < 0.01). Concerning content validity, the mean score was 3.3 out of 4 in the experts group and 3.4 out of 4 in the non-experts group. Conclusions The present model is a realistic and low-cost valid option for the training of open correction of jejunoileal atresia. Future studies with larger sample sizes and blinded validators are needed before drawing definitive conclusions.