Phylogenetic relationships of five date palm (Phonex dactylifera L) in Al Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia using RAPD markers through QIAxcel system

Abstract

Abstract Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is the sweetest edible fruit plant in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The development of precise DNA fingerprints to identify cultivar's genetic diversity is most important for breeding programs. Genotypic variation among five different cultivars of date palm of the Al Ahsa governorate in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers by QIAxcel electrophoresis system. We test 20 RAPD primers among them 15 primers show banding pattern. We use clean younger leaves that had been gathered and grind with liquid nitrogen into a fine powder and used for extraction and ultimately the quality of the DNA. We examined the DNA extraction with the use of guide CTAB and automatic Qiagen EZ1 technique and tested using the UV gel electrophoresis the concentration of the DNA became examined with LABTRON Nano spectrophotometer. Four primers gave high levels of bands with numerous polymorphisms and multiple bands. A total of 165 bands were observed, including 89 polymorphisms and 4 monomorphisms. The Rz breed is very closely related to Kh, but the recorded Rz and Shb breeds retain a high degree of genetic divergence between Ht and Sh. The results of this study demonstrate that polymorphisms revealed using RAPD markers are genotype appropriate.