Immunogenic Cell Death-related Signature Evaluates the Tumor Microenvironment and Predicts the Prognosis in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Abstract

Abstract Aim Current literatures suggest a growing body of evidence highlighting the pivotal role of immunogenic cell death (ICD) in multiple tumor types. To address the gap of the potential and mechanisms of ICD in Diffuse Large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), our current study aims to examine the impact of ICD on DLBCL and identify a corresponding gene signature in DLBC. Methods Using the expression profiles of ICD-associated genes, the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) samples were segregated into ICD high and low subtypes utilizing non-negative matrix factorization clustering. Next, Univariate and LASSO Cox regression analyses were employed to establish the ICD-related gene signature. Subsequently, the CIBERSORT tool, ssGSEA, and ESTIMATE algorithm were utilized to examine the association between the signature and tumor immune microenvironment of DLBC. Finally, the oncoPredict algorithm was implemented to evaluate drug sensitivity prediction of DLBCL patients. Results The findings suggest that the immune microenvironment of the ICD high group with a poor prognosis was significantly suppressed. An 8-gene ICD-related signature was identified and validated to prognosticate and evaluate the tumor immune microenvironment in DLBCL. Similarly, the high-risk group exhibited a worse prognosis compared to the low-risk group, and the immune function was considerably suppressed. Moreover, the results of OncoPredict algorithm indicated that patients in the high-risk group exhibited higher sensitivity to Cisplatin, Cytarabine, Epirubicin, Oxaliplatin, and Vincristine with low IC50. Conclusion The present study provides novel insights into the role of ICD in DLBCL by identifying a new biomarker for the disease and may have implications for the development of immune-targeted therapies for the tumor.