The impact of osteogenesis imperfecta severity on oral health-related quality of life in Spain. A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Abstract Background Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) affects dental and craniofacial development, therefore it can influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The objective of this study was to explore the influence of the severity of OI on OHRQoL in adults above eighteen years old, residing in Spain. Method Adults with OI were recruited from the Spanish Association of Crystal Bone (AHUCE) foundation. OHRQoL was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire, Spanish version (OHIP-14sp), oral hygiene habits, and a dental care survey. Clinical and radiological dental examinations were assessed to evaluate oral conditions. Results A total of 65 adults (70% female) aged between nineteen and sixty-two, diagnosed with OI and classified as type I, III, and IV (n = 20, 14, and 31 respectively) participated in the research. The total OHIP-14sp scores were significantly higher (worse) for type III (23 [SD = 10]) and type IV (21.4 [SD = 12]) than for type I (13.8 [SD = 6]) (P < 0.05). The negative impact of OHRQoL was due to the association of type III OI with all domains except handicap, while type IV OI was associated with physical disability, social disability, and handicap (P < 0.05 for both). Conclusion The severity of OI negatively impacts OHRQoL in adults. This association is statistically significant.