Nature-skin-based multi-responsive controlled-release electroactive scaffolds for integrated melanoma postoperative relapse prevention and wound therapy

Abstract

Abstract Owing to the high recurrence rate of melanoma, pursuing multifunctional biomaterials with adjuvant therapy functions for full-scale postoperative relapse prevention, wound healing, and real-time postoperative surveillance is an ideal strategy for integrated melanoma treatment. Emerging conductive biomaterials in bioelectronics have exhibited enormous potential as next-generation wound-healing biomaterials. Herein, an intelligent nature-skin-derived multi-responsive controlled-release electroactive scaffold (PADM-MX-Ag-Si@Dox) was nano-engineered by incorporating the functional building blocks of porcine dermal matrix and MXene nanosheets, silver nanowires (AgNWs), and on-demand multiple-response drug-loading microspheres (TSOHSiO2@Dox). The proposed TSOHSiO2@Dox endowed PADM-MX-Ag-Si@Dox with the controlled release property of Dox. Interestingly, the Dox release behavior of the scaffold could be regulated by integrated temperature, pH, and ancillary electrical stimulation. Electrical stimulation simultaneously induced anticarcinogen escape from PADM-MX-Ag-Si@Dox and accelerated wound healing. Meanwhile, PADM-MX-Ag-Si@Dox exhibited outstanding antimicrobial and electrophysiological activities, providing a strong foundation for wound healing elevation and real-time postoperative tumor surveillance. Comprehensive in vitro and in vivo experiments proved that PADM-MX-Ag-Si@Dox in synergy with electrical stimulation achieved anticipatory integration of melanoma postoperative relapse prevention, wound healing, and real-time postoperative surveillance, demonstrating an effective therapeutic strategy for postoperative cancer adjuvant therapy and leading to new precision medical care.