Significance of dumpsites for the conservation of bird fauna in Afar region, Ethiopia

Abstract

AbstractBackground:Dumpsites have a significant role for the attraction of diverse species of wildlife including birds. This study was carried out to assess the significance of dumpsites for the conservation of birds in Afar region, Ethiopia from August, 2019 to March, 2020, covering both the wet and dry seasons. Nine dumpsites found in different towns of Afar region were selected. Point count technique was employed to identify and count the birds. Shannon-Weiner diversity index was used to estimate species diversity and Two-way ANOVA was used to test birds’ species richness and abundance variation across dumpsites and seasons.Results: A total of 48 bird species consisting of one endemic and 10 globally threatened species were recorded. Red-billed Quelea, Marabou Stork and Egyptian Vulture were the most abundant species. Variation in bird species richness and abundance among dumpsites was significant (F = 8.44, df = 8, P < 0.05) and F = 15.507, df = 8, P< 0.05), respectively. Moreover, significant seasonal variation in abundance was also observed (F = 19.339, df = 1, P< 0.05). The highest species diversity (H’ = 3.18) was observed during wet season in Abala and Afambo dumpsites and the highest species evenness (E = 0.86) was observed during dry season in Afdera.Conclusion: Bird species diversity and abundance among the dumpsites was high, and man-made disturbance in these sites are main threats for conservation of birds. Therefore, conservation measures are needed to maintain the survival of this unique bird diversity. Moreover, proper management of dumpsites is vital to support the waste dependent birds.