Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate for diabetic patients by using Simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract Back ground Renal complicationisthe leading cause of diabetes mellitus related morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy or chronic kidney disease is related to chronic hyperglycemia eventhoughthemechanisms by which it leads to end stage renal disease are not completely elucidated. Methods This study was aimed to estimate chronic kidney disease (CKD) by directly measuring serum creatinine level and mathematically transforming the measured valuesinto estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and to assess risk factors associated to renal impairment indiabeticpatients. A cross-sectional study design and a consecutive sampling technique were used to include a total of 234 diabetic patients. Demographic and clinical data were collectedby using interviewer administered questionnaire. A five mililiter fasting blood specimen was analysed by fully automated Chemistry Analyzer. Renal status was assessed using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classification .Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions, and Pearson`s correlation wereused to assess the independent predicator variables and their correlation to CKDrespectively. Results About 19.2% of the study subjects had a substantially reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). High blood pressure (AOR: 7.77; 95% C.I:2.95–20.46; P: 0.001), poor glycemic control (AOR: 9.52; 95% C.I: 2.23–40.63; P: 0.002), long duration of diabeticity (AOR: 3.87; 95% C.I:1.60–9.34, P: 0.003), advance in age (AOR: 5.0; 95% C.I:1.93–12.37; P: 0.001) and being female (AOR: 5.05; 95% C.I: 1.91–13.37, P: 0.001) were indepident predictor variables for reduced eGFR. Conclusion The prevalence of CKD was high among diabetic patients in the study area. Age advancement and the increasing prevalence of many risk factors will result in an increase of CKD prevalence in diabetic patients. Therefore, preventive intervention is very important to reduce renal impairment in diabetic patients.