The effects of pregnancy on oral health, salivary ph and flow rate

Abstract

Background:The frequent occurrence of dental caries and periodontal diseases in women during pregnancy may be due to many factors, such as salivary variables. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pregnancy on salivary pH, flow rate, the DMFT index, and CPI sores. Methods: A total of 198 volunteers (pregnant in different trimesters and non- pregnant) were included. Data about sociodemographic characteristics and dental and systemic health conditions were recorded. Unsitumulated saliva samples were collected for 5 minutes via the spitting method. The pH of the saliva was measured by a portable pH meter. The salivary flow rate was determined by the weight measurement method. The DMFT index and CPI were determined. Results: There were significant differences between the pH values of the control and study groups (p < 0.05). There was no difference among the salivary flow rates of the study and control groups. The mean CPI of pregnant women was significantly greater than that of non-pregnant women (p < 0.05), while the DMFTs were similar among all groups. Conclusion: Pregnancy causes a direct decrease in unsitumulated salivary pH and an increase in periodontal disease. It also negatively affects oral and dental health. Trial registration: Clinical Trials-ID: NCT06343337; Registration Date: 04.01.2024.