Assessment of genetic variability for agro-morphological traits of Vegetable Pea (Pisum Sativum var.hortense.L) under Bundelkhand region

Abstract

AbstractBackground:Peas, also known as garden peas or green peas, are a winter season crop that is grown extensively in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The plant is known for its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, which helps to improve soil fertility and reduce the need for nitrogen fertilizers. In addition, the pea seed is a rich source of high-quality protein and minerals, making it a nutritious food for humans and animals alike. Peas are commonly used in a variety of dishes, including soups, stews, salads, and side dishes.The breeding objective to develop cultivar with high yield and constant production, maturity and resistance against to biotic and abiotic stress. To fulfill requirement of breeding programme genetic diversity are prerequisite to select genetically diverse parent for hybridization to incorporate known gene for particular characters within a germplasm.Method:The experiment was conducted at vegetable research farm at College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda. Mean performance of different traits in different environment, Principle component analysis, Tukey honest test were performed to assess the genetic diversity present in 15 genotypes of vegetable pea for the identification of diverse and desirable parents for improvement programme.Result:Based on the phenotypic data and tukey honest test few genotypes are superior for different traits like Kasha Sakti was the highest TSS (16.83) and (15.50) during 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 growing season respectively. Whereas, kashi Nandani was the highest GPY (kg/ha in the both years with 9789.16 and 9291.66 in 2019-20 and 2020-21 respectively. Pusa Shree in 2019-20 was the earliest entry for FFI (29 days) after sowing and kashi Samridhi was the late entry for FFI (75 days) after sowing in the both years. Principle component analysis revealed that first four principle component contributed to 68% of the total variation so these four were given due importance for further explanation.