O-glycosylation Genes are associated with the immune microenvironment and Predict Prognosis in Esophageal carcinoma

Abstract

Abstract Purpose Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is one of the most common cancers. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adenocarcinoma (EAC) are the common histological types of esophageal cancer, with squamous carcinoma being more prevalent than adenocarcinoma in Asia. Although new treatments for esophageal carcinoma have emerged in recent years, the incidence of EC is increasing. O-linked glycosylation plays an important role in cancer development and immune escape and has been studied in different cancer species, but it has not been studied in esophageal carcinoma. To provide more possibilities for clinical treatment, we find a validated grouping method to predict the prognosis of O-linked glycosylation genes in esophageal carcinoma. Methods Clinical profiles of patients with esophageal carcinoma and corresponding RNA data were downloaded from the TCGA database. Estimate, Timer, PCM analyses were used to clarify the immune environment of the cancer and the immune status of identified subgroups. GO, KEGG and GSEA pathway analyses elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Prognostic risk models were constructed using the LASSO algorithm and multivariate COX regression analysis. Results In this study, O glycosylation genes in patients with esophageal carcinoma were divided into two groups, and it was found that the C1 group had higher immune scores compared to the C2 group. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that they were mainly enriched in cAMP signaling pathway and calcium signaling pathway. The risk model based on O glycosylation genes showed its strong predictive power for patients with esophageal carcinoma. Combining the risk model with clinical line graphs can accurately predict the prognosis of patients with esophageal carcinoma. Conclusion O glycosylation genes are associated with the immune microenvironment in patients with esophageal carcinoma and can accurately predict the prognosis of patients with esophageal carcinoma.