Analysis of differences between clinical indicators of SARS and SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary study

Abstract

Abstract Objective To investigate the difference in clinical indexes between SARS and SARS-CoV-2 and explore immune mechanisms. Methods We recorded age, sex, clinical symptoms, immunoglobulin index, arterial blood gas analysis, and other indicators of SARS patients hospitalized at the Eighth Medical Center of the People’s Liberation Army. From June 2022 to April 2023, we recorded data from patients with SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized at the Tropical Medicine Department of Hainan Hospital of the PLA General Hospital. Results There were 116 patients with SARS pneumonia and 114 with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The ratio of males to females was 64/52, with an average age of 35.36 ± 15.19 years. The ratio of males to females in the SARS-CoV-2 group was 69/45, with an average age of 66.89 ± 15.00 years. There were no significant differences in PCO2, peripheral blood white blood cell count, platelet count, neutrophil ratio, serotonin ratio, blood pressure, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, C-reactive protein, immunoglobulin IgA, and IgG indexes in blood gas analysis. There were significant differences in heart rate, blood gas analysis partial pressure, lymphocyte percentage, immunoglobulin IgM, and myocardial injury markers. Conclusions Young and middle-aged patients with SARS pneumonia were more common, while elderly patients with SARS-CoV-2 were more common. There were differences in clinical indicators between patients infected with the two viruses, and there may be differences in virulence and interaction mechanisms.