Oxidized albumin is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Abstract Background Oxidized albumin plays a role in various animal disease models, including diabetes and aging. Oxidized albumin has been identified as a novel biomarker of oxidative stress. In this study, rat chronic kidney disease model with proteinuria and hypertension caused by high levels of oxidative stress was utilized. Methods A Total of 24-Male-Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned for 4 weeks to one of four groups: normal control group (Con, n = 6), normal salt-treated 5/6 nephrectomy (ND, n = 6), high salt-loading 5/6 nephrectomy (HSD, n = 6), and Tempol-loading 5/6 nephrectomy (HSD + Tempol, n = 6). All animals were sacrificed at the conclusion of the research process. Urine samples, blood samples, and kidney tissues were collected for checking proteinuria, serum creatinine, urea, α-SMA, malondialdehyde (MDA), and histopathology study. Results Blood pressure, urinary protein, plasma creatinine, BUN, α-SMA, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly higher the high salt diet group than in the normal salt loading diet group, and the effects of the aforesaid parameters were reversed following treatment with Tempol. Conclusions In 5/6 nephrectomized CKD rat model, high salt diet tended to increase the levels of blood pressure, urinary protein, serum creatinine, urea, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and expression of α-SMA. Additionally, Tempol tends to ameliorate the severity of fibrosis and oxidative stress in the remaining kidney.