Abstract
Background
Music therapy has emerged as a promising adjunctive treatment for common mental disorders (CMD) such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and depression. This narrative review investigates the application of music therapy in the treatment of depression and GAD, comparing it with treatments as usual (TAU).
Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in scientific databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The search focused on studies published between 2011 and 2023, with key terms like "Music Therapy," "Common Mental Disorders," "Depression," and "Generalized Anxiety Disorders." Meta-analyses and systematic reviews were prioritized for inclusion.
Results
Music therapy demonstrates effectiveness in reducing depressive symptoms and anxiety levels, particularly displaying short-term beneficial effects in individuals with depression. A meta-analysis of 55 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) indicated a significant impact of music therapy on depressive symptoms compared to control groups. For GAD, a meta-analysis of 32 RCTs showed that music therapy effectively alleviates anxiety, likely by redirecting attention from negative stimuli to more pleasant subjects. However, the specific mechanisms of music therapy in GAD treatment require further research.
Conclusions
Music therapy is a valuable therapeutic option for individuals with depression and GAD, showing significant potential in improving mental health outcomes. While the action mechanisms in depression are better understood, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms in GAD. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating music therapy into standard treatment protocols for CMD, emphasizing its role in enhancing patient care.